OBJECT: To investigate the relationship between the pressure and temperature of a constant volume of gas.
METHOD: A mass of dry air is trapped above a column of mercury in a closed tube immersed in water. The closed tube forms one arm of a mercury manometer. The pressure upon the confined air, and hence its volume, can be regulated by means of a plunger in a mercury reservoir. The value of the pressure is obtained from the difference between the mercury levels in the open and closed arms of the manometer. The temperature of the water bath is altered and a series of observations is made upon the pressure of the confined gas, its volume being maintained constant.
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OBJECT: To measure the ratio of the specific heats of air at constant pressure and constant volume according to the method of Clement and Desormes.
METHOD: A mass of dry air under a small pressure is enclosed in a large vessel having a gas tight valve. The valve is opened for an instant permitting the pressure to “become atmospheric” and causing the temperature to be reduced. After the valve is closed, the gas warms up to room temperature and the pressure increases. From a knowledge of the initial and final pressures, the ratio of the specific heats is obtained.
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